Research on Ideological Risk Judgment and Prevention and Control Strategies of Colleges and Universities in the New Era

: The ideological risk points of colleges and universities in the new era are mainly divided into two categories: endogenous risk points and exogenous risk points, with the basic characteristics of objectivity and complexity. Ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities in the new era is facing challenges from both external and internal sources. Therefore, it is necessary to actively construct ideological risk prevention and control strategies for colleges and universities in the new era. It is necessary to adhere to the fundamental system of the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field of colleges and universities. We need to firmly grasp the party's leadership of ideological work in colleges and universities, construct a synergistic mechanism for ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities and optimise the ideological risk prevention and control strategy in colleges and universities. Ultimately, the aim is to achieve ideological security in higher education.


Introduction
In risk management theory, "risk" is defined as "the impact of uncertainty on the goal", and ideological risk in colleges and universities is the uncertain impact on the ideological security of colleges and universities in the field of ideology.Through the combing of research results in the literature, there are fewer research results directly targeting "ideological risk in colleges and universities", which mainly involves the ideological risk prevention and control ability of colleges and universities, ideological risk prevention and control mechanism of colleges and universities, and ideological risk prevention and control countermeasures of colleges and universities.It is found that the research on the new challenges and strategies of ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities is not deep enough, the technical research on the transformation of theories into practice is not enough, and there are fewer research results that can provide powerful answers to questions, difficulties and new problems.The article will take "ideological risk in colleges and universities" as the research object, and clarify the classification and basic characteristics of ideological risk points in colleges and universities in the new era.It is of great significance to clarify the challenges of ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities in the new era, and actively construct ideological risk prevention and control strategies in colleges and universities in the new era, so as to achieve the purpose of safeguarding the ideological security of colleges and universities in the new era.

Accurately Grasp the Ideological Risk Points of Colleges and Universities in the New Era
The ideological risk points of colleges and universities in the new era refer to the places, systems and other factors that generate potential risks in the ideological field of colleges and universities.Accurately grasping the risk points is the most important and difficult work of ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities, and if the risk prevention and control personnel can not accurately identify the risk points in a timely manner, it will lead to an increase in risk factors and the outbreak of risky accidents.Only by timely research and control of risk points can accurate prevention and control be achieved.According to different criteria, risk points can be divided into different types, according to the spatial scope of exogenous risk points and endogenous risk points, the two are not separated from each other, but the correlation between the two factors is relatively strong.

Exogenous risk points
Exogenous risk refers to the risk of impact on the ideological positions of colleges and universities due to the influence of international factors or domestic economic, political, cultural and social factors in the process of their ideological work.This includes the risk of ideological infiltration, such as the spread of Western values and ideologies by Western countries such as the United States through the dominance of public opinion.The risk of cultural infiltration, such as the use of cultural exchanges, high-level forums, films and television, and academic seminars by Western countries.The risk of ideological pluralism brought about by domestic social transformation, such as the diversification of people's value aspirations due to the divergence of interests, and the dissolution of the dominance of mainstream ideology by undesirable political culture.Exogenous risk points present the characteristics of complexity, variability, relevance and invisibility, and these risk points are many and varied, bringing challenges to the prevention and control of ideological risks in colleges and universities.

Endogenous risk points
The endogenous risk point refers to the risk that the ideological position of colleges and universities will be impacted due to the influence of various factors such as the personal cultivation of teachers and students in colleges and universities, the institutional mechanism, and ideological and political education in the process of ideological work.Including personal cultivation risk, such as some party members and cadres are not firm in their ideals and beliefs, insufficient learning of political theories, lack of teacher ethics, etc., resulting in the possible emergence of ideological risk; institutional mechanism risk, such as the system is not standardised, the mechanism is not sound, etc., resulting in the possible emergence of ideological risk; the risk of ideological and political education of colleges and universities, such as the lack of attention to ideological and political education, the lack of ideological and political education of the times, pertinence and effectiveness, etc., resulting in the possible emergence of ideological risk.The emergence of endogenous risk points is often caused by the lack of scientific management, lack of political orientation and lack of pragmatism in some colleges and universities.

Accurately grasping the basic characteristics of the ideological risks of colleges and universities in the new era
Accurately grasping the basic features of ideological risk in colleges and universities in the new era is the premise and foundation of ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities.In order for us to fully understand the ideological risk of colleges and universities, to better study the new situation of ideological risk in colleges and universities, and to enhance the ability of prevention and control of ideological risk in colleges and universities, it is necessary to make an in-depth analysis of the basic characteristics of ideological risk in colleges and universities.The basic features of ideological risks in colleges and universities in the new era are mainly reflected in the following two aspects.

Ideological risks in higher education have an objective nature.
The objectivity of the risk is the objective existence which is not transferred by human will.Ideological risk in colleges and universities is in every aspect of the formation and development of different ways to show their existence.The objectivity of risk is mainly realised as the regularity of risk, and the generation, conduction, superposition, evolution, escalation and evolution of ideological risk in colleges and universities are all determined by regularity, so in the process of prevention and control of ideological risk in colleges and universities, it is necessary to abide by the law of ideological work in colleges and universities, the law of prevention and control of ideological risk in colleges and universities.In addition, because the ideological risk of colleges and universities exists objectively and has its own law of formation and development, it is necessary to pay close attention to the way of existence and the process of change of the risk while exerting the subjective initiative of risk prevention and control, so as to prevent paralysis and subjectivity, and nip the ideological risk of colleges and universities in the bud in a timely manner.

Ideological risks in higher education are complex
The complexity of ideological risk in higher education is due to its determinants and influences.From the point of view of determinants, social existence determines social consciousness, social existence is complex and variable, thus the form of social consciousness is also complex and variable, leading to the complexity of ideological risk in colleges and universities.From the viewpoint of influencing factors, there are many factors affecting the change of ideological risk and risk prevention and control in colleges and universities, such as the quality of risk prevention and control managers, risk prevention and control means and measures, and the change of risk environment, etc., which leads to the dynamics and uncertainty of the change of ideological risk in colleges and universities.

The Challenges of Ideological Risk Prevention and Control in Colleges and Universities in the New Era
The report of the Twentieth Party Congress states, "Problems are the voice of the times, and answering and guiding the solution of problems is the fundamental task of theory.The complexity of the problems we face today and the arduousness of solving them have increased significantly, putting forward entirely new requirements for theoretical innovation."[1] Despite the overall and fundamental transformation of the situation in the ideological field, there are still many challenges in the ideological field.Among them, the challenges faced in the ideological field of colleges and universities are mainly the following two aspects.

External Challenges to the Prevention and Control of Ideological Risks in Colleges and Universities
Complex changes in the external environment have brought many problems and challenges to the prevention and control of ideological risks in colleges and universities.Today the world is experiencing a great change that has not been seen in a hundred years, and the development of our country is facing unprecedentedly severe risks and challenges.Colleges and universities have always been the most active area of social thinking, and Western hostile forces have adopted various means of ideological infiltration into our colleges and universities, such as the Western universal value trend, neo-liberalism, historical nihilism, and so on, and some erroneous viewpoints continue to come and go.This has led to the marginalisation of Marxism and impacted the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field of colleges and universities.In addition, in the economic, political, military, public opinion and other aspects, the western countries blockade me, extreme pressure, economic and political security risks associated with ideological risks, all of which bring challenges to the ideological risk prevention and control in universities.

Internal Challenges to the Prevention and Control of Ideological Risks in Universities
Some party members and cadres in colleges and universities have insufficient ability to prevent and control ideological risks.There are weaknesses in the work of propaganda and ideology in colleges and universities, such as the lack of effective communication carriers and tools for propaganda and ideology in colleges and universities, and insufficient innovation in communication methods.Some school leaders and cadres do not pay enough attention to ideological work, and there are problems such as inadequate institutional mechanisms and the need to strengthen the function of curriculum nurturing.At present, the Internet has become the main battlefield of the struggle for public opinion, and the Internet and other emerging media have become an important carrier for college students to obtain information and express their demands.However, there are still many deficiencies in the prevention and control of network ideological risks in colleges and universities, with a lack of network early warning capability and a weak sense of network security, all of which have brought challenges to the prevention and control of ideological risks in colleges and universities.

The Construction of Ideological Risk Prevention and Control Strategies in Colleges and Universities in the New Era
Risk prevention and control strategy refers to the different degree, type or nature of risk, respectively, to take different types of preventive measures to achieve the corresponding risk prevention and control purposes.Risk prevention and control strategy can be divided into macro prevention and control strategy and micro prevention and control strategy.The new era of ideological risk in colleges and universities is facing new problems, the situation is more complex, we must build a "macro prevention and control strategy and micro prevention and control strategy" combined with the system of prevention and control strategies.The main points are as follows.

Fundamental system of adherence to the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological sphere of universities and colleges
Adherence to the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological sphere is a summary of historical experience and a practical necessity.The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee made it clear that adherence to the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological sphere is a fundamental system, and the report of the 20th CPC Central Committee once again touched on this.At present, Marxism is being marginalised, generalised and labelled in some areas, so it is necessary to further consolidate its guiding position in the ideological sphere.
Colleges and universities are at the forefront of ideological work, and are important venues for Western hostile forces to divide and westernise.There are many risks in the ideological work of colleges and universities, and the prevention and control of ideological risks in colleges and universities is basically to consolidate the guiding position of Marxism in the field of ideology as a fundamental system to be carried out in all aspects of the construction of colleges and universities.On the one hand, colleges and universities should carry forward the spirit of struggle and dare to fight against the erroneous thinking in the West, implement the fundamental task of establishing moral education and adhere to the direction of socialist school running.On the other hand, Socialist Thought with Chinese Characteristics for the New Era is the latest theoretical achievement of the Chineseisation of Marxism, and the most direct manifestation of adhering to the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field of colleges and universities is to study and implement Socialist Thought with Chinese Characteristics for the New Era in colleges and universities.The fundamental system of the guiding position of Marxism in the field of ideology in colleges and universities is taken as the fundamental guideline for the prevention and control of ideological risks in colleges and universities.

Firmly grasp the Party's leadership of ideological work in colleges and universities
The leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest advantage of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and the Party's leadership system is the fundamental leadership system of China.The party is the leader of everything, to firmly grasp the leadership of the party on the ideological work of colleges and universities, firm socialist direction of running schools in colleges and universities unshakeable, firm Marxism in the ideology of colleges and universities in the guiding position unshakeable.We will mainly do the following two aspects of work.
(1) To firmly grasp the Party's leadership of ideological work in colleges and universities, the leadership of the Party committees in colleges and universities should be improved.The ideological leadership of the party mainly refers to the ability to transform the will of the party into the will of the country, the people and the whole society, and the ability to transform the party's scientific ideological system into the national system and further into the effectiveness of governance.[2] The first thing you need to do is to improve the ideological and political quality, scientific and cultural quality, and business ability of the leadership team of the party committee in universities.Only by improving the party's leadership ability can we implement the party's policies, adhere to the direction of socialist school running, and enhance the ability of ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities.(2) firmly grasp the party's leadership of ideological work in colleges and universities, we must work on the implementation of the implementation of small.Work leadership is not empty, abstract, to implement the party's leadership to all aspects of ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities.Risk prevention and control team is the key, to strengthen the leadership of the party committee of colleges and universities, adhere to the perfect party committee under the leadership of the president's responsibility system, in the implementation of the implementation of small and small risk prevention and control work on the effort.

Building a synergistic mechanism for ideological risk prevention and control in universities
The so-called synergistic mechanism of ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities refers to the systematic operation process of coordinating and dealing with the interrelationships among various elements from the aspects of multiple subjects, target plan, comprehensive treatment, efficient collaboration and supervision and feedback, giving full play to the holistic function and synergistic effect, and stimulating the linkage benefits of parenting and symbiotic effect.The synergistic mechanism is the link of ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities, which is related to the operational efficiency of the ideological risk prevention and control strategy in colleges and universities, and mainly includes the mechanism of multi-subject interaction and the mechanism of multi-disciplinary collaboration.
(1)Multi-body interaction mechanism, which is the dominant mechanism.The main body of ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities is the organiser and implementer of risk prevention and control work, and is in a dominant position in the whole process of ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities.The main body of ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities has a broad and narrow sense, the broad risk prevention and control main body refers to all groups, organisations and individuals in colleges and universities, and the narrow risk prevention and control main body mainly refers to the professional prevention and control work team established in colleges and universities.To realise multi-body interaction, the focus should be on strengthening the interaction between functional offices and secondary colleges, and strengthening the interaction between leading cadres, professional teachers, administrative staff and ordinary students, so as to realise the interaction of the whole staff.
(2)Multi-field collaboration mechanism, which is the key mechanism.Ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities involves various fields such as curriculum systems, teaching and research, network platforms, party and group organisations, and daily life.It is necessary to promote the operation of the multi-disciplinary collaboration mechanism under the multi-subject interaction mechanism, to achieve mutual penetration of risk prevention and control measures, integration of prevention and control methods, complementary prevention and control means, and to build a system of collaboration mechanism that promotes mutual advancement in the whole process in an all-round way.

Conclusions
At present, the research on ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities has formed a number of theoretical results, which provide a theoretical basis for later generations and leave space for theoretical innovation.This paper accurately grasps the ideological risk points and basic characteristics of colleges and universities in the new era.It clarifies the challenges of ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities in the new era and the prevention and control strategies.It is of great significance to enhance the ability of ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities, and safeguard the ideological security of colleges and universities.In the future, more attention should be paid to empirical research, micro research and quantitative research to increase the precision and scientificity of the research.In terms of research content, the overall national security concept should be used as a guide to strengthen the research on ideological risk prevention and control in colleges and universities.At the same time, it strengthens the institutionalised research on the law of ideological risk prevention and control as well as prevention and control strategies in colleges and universities.