Theoretical Origins and Implications of the Western Linear Development Models in Contemporary International Relations and Development Economics
DOI: 10.23977/polsr.2024.050120 | Downloads: 7 | Views: 265
Author(s)
Zhaorui Zhang 1
Affiliation(s)
1 University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, US
Corresponding Author
Zhaorui ZhangABSTRACT
Beginning with Lenin's criticism of imperialism and working through the modernization theory presented by academics such as Walt Rostow, this study attempts to investigate these development theories' theoretical roots and consequences. This paper examines the theoretical origin and contemporary implications of Imperialism, neocolonialism, neoliberalism, and trade liberalization, focusing on applying linear development models in international relations and development economics. Using critical theoretical frameworks, including Lenin's theory on imperialism, dependency theory, and modernization theory, analyzed the transformation of economic control from colonialism to the neocolonial practice perpetuated by transnational corporations and international monetary institutions. Cases including the reconstruction of the Haitian earthquake in 2010, President Truman's inaugural address, and Chile's neoliberal economic reforms under Pinochet provide an empirical examination of how trade liberalization and neoliberal policy strengthen the economic reliance of developing countries and increase their internal inequality. By challenging the traditional Western linear development model, this paper criticized how the global economic system perpetuates a hierarchical relationship between the Global South and North.
KEYWORDS
Imperialism, Neocolonialism, Neoliberalism, Trade-Liberalization, Globalization, International Relations, Development EconomicsCITE THIS PAPER
Zhaorui Zhang, Theoretical Origins and Implications of the Western Linear Development Models in Contemporary International Relations and Development Economics. Journal of Political Science Research (2024) Vol. 5: 142-151. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/DOI: 10.23977/polsr.2024.050120.
REFERENCES
[1] Lenin, V. I. (2011). Imperialism, the highest stage of capitalism: A popular outline. Martino Publishing.
[2] Lakshmi Iyer; Direct versus Indirect Colonial Rule in India: Long-Term Consequences. The Review of Economics and Statistics 2010; 92 (4): 693–713. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/REST_a_00023
[3] Adam Smith, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, ed. Edwin A. Seligman (London: J. M. Dent, 1901)
[4] Ricardo, D. (1817). On the principles of political economy and taxation. John Murray.
[5] Meissner, C. M. (2015, March 25). New perspectives on the first wave of globalization. The Reporter. National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/reporter/2015number1/new-perspectives-first-wave-globalization
[6] Hayek, F. A. (1944). The road to serfdom. University of Chicago Press.
[7] Friedman, M. (1962). Capitalism and freedom. University of Chicago Press.
[8] Ewertowski, Tomasz. "Images of China in Polish and Serbian Travel Writings (1720-1949)." In Images of China in Polish and Serbian Travel Writings (1720-1949). Brill, 2020.
[9] Said Edward W. Orientalism / Edward W. Said. First Vintage Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 1979.
[10] Rostow, W. W. (1991). The stages of economic growth: A non-communist manifesto (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511625824
[11] World Bank. World Development Report 1978 (English). World development indicators, World development report Washington, D.C.: World Bank Group. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/297241468339565863/World-development-report-1978
[12] Prebisch, Raúl (1959). "Commercial Policy in the Underdeveloped Countries". American Economic Review. 49: 251–273.
[13] Frank, A. G. (1966). The development of underdevelopment. Monthly Review, 18(4). https://doi.org/10.14452/MR-018-04-1966-08_3
[14] Pallardy, R. (2024, September 9). 2010 Haiti earthquake. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/ event/2010-Haiti-earthquake
[15] United States Government Accountability Office. (2013). Haiti reconstruction: USAID infrastructure projects have had mixed results and face sustainability challenges (GAO-13-558). https://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-13-558
[16] Dupuy, Alex (2010). "Disaster Capitalism to the Rescue: The International Community and Haiti after the Earthquake." NACLA Report on the Americas, 43(4), 14-19.
[17] Harry S Truman, Inaugural Address. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/node/229929
[18] Paterson, T. G. (1972). Foreign Aid under Wraps: The Point Four Program. The Wisconsin Magazine of History, 56(2), 119–126. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4634774
[19] World Inequality Lab. (2021). World Inequality Report 2022. https://wir2022.wid.world/www-site/uploads/2021/12/ CountrySheets_WorldInequalityReport2022_-WorldInequalityLab_7Dec.pdf
[20] Friedman, M. (2000, January 10). Up for debate: Reform without liberty: Chile's ambiguous legacy. PBS.
[21] Klein, N. (2007). The shock doctrine: The rise of disaster capitalism. Knopf Canada.
Downloads: | 2088 |
---|---|
Visits: | 92107 |
Sponsors, Associates, and Links
-
Journal of Language Testing & Assessment
-
Information and Knowledge Management
-
Military and Armament Science
-
Media and Communication Research
-
Journal of Human Movement Science
-
Art and Performance Letters
-
Lecture Notes on History
-
Lecture Notes on Language and Literature
-
Philosophy Journal
-
Science of Law Journal
-
Journal of Sociology and Ethnology
-
Advances in Broadcasting