Author(s)

Yuliang Wang ¹, Fuli Wang ²

Affiliation(s)

¹ Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
² Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China

Corresponding Author

Fuli Wang

ABSTRACT

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant tumors in men. While the prognosis is generally favorable in the early stages, the incidence of brain metastasis increases in the advanced stages of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Brain metastasis of prostate cancer is relatively rare, accounting for only 1% to 3% of metastatic cases; however, once it occurs, the prognosis is poor. Clinical symptoms of brain metastasis often include headaches, cognitive impairment, and seizures. Studies suggest that the disruption of the blood-brain barrier and changes in the tumor microenvironment play critical roles in the metastatic process to the brain. Imaging techniques such as MRI and CT are commonly used for diagnosis, and liquid biopsy methods, such as cerebrospinal fluid analysis and ctDNA testing, offer new non-invasive diagnostic options. In terms of treatment, local therapies (such as surgery and radiotherapy), systemic therapies (such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy), and multidisciplinary approaches are commonly employed. Although targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors show potential in clinical settings, further research is needed to optimize treatment strategies and improve efficacy.

KEYWORDS

Prostate cancer, brain metastasis, castration-resistant prostate cancer, blood-brain barrier, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, combined therapy

CITE THIS PAPER

Yuliang Wang, Fuli Wang, Research Progress on Brain Metastasis of Prostate Cancer. Transactions on Cancer (2024) Vol. 5: 136-141. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.23977/tranc.2024.050118.

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