Author(s)

Yixuan Li, Ziyue Xu, Bai Xue, Yiran Zhao

Corresponding Author

Yixuan Li

ABSTRACT

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one of the most prevalent groups of neurodevelopmental disorders. It is defined by defects in social and linguistic abilities, and limited interests as well as repetitive behavior, with a few exceptions. Based on the autism spectrum disorder concordances, monozygous twins have a higher prevalence of bipolar disorder and Asperger's syndrome, and Asperger's syndrome is more vital to the diagnosis of autism. The coherence of high overall function, psychiatric comorbidity, and Asperger's syndrome between monozygous and dizygotic twins indicates genetic differences in various autism spectrum disorders. For a family in which monozygous twins are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, the second twin is unlikely to be diagnosed after 12 months. The correlation of monozygous and dizygotic twins underlines the influence of adjusting the assumed thresholds in statistical models and raises the question of how autism spectrum disorder can be defined, which is important due to its social impact. In the full model of the effects of additive genetic, shared environmental, and nonshared environmental, non-additive genetic effects may have an important contribution to total genetic variation of complex traits? The risk of recurrence of autism spectrum disorder can be influenced by pregnancy, maternal intrauterine environment, birth sequence, gender, ethnic origin and birth interval.

KEYWORDS

Autism spectrum disorder, quantitative genetic, twin study, concordance rate, familiar recurrence