Author(s)

Xiang Fu, Mengze Guo, Zekai Xu, Yimin Yuan

Corresponding Author

Yimin Yuan

ABSTRACT

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is one type of Leukemia, which is the most common type of Acute Leukemia (AL), almost 90% of types of AL are AML. Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin (GO), which is also called MYLOTARG, is a kind of drug used to treat AML. It is targeted at CD33, which is a typical receptor on AML cells, and it will not express in normal hematopoietic stem cells and mature granulocytes. Cell experiments illuminated that GO could specifically kill cells that expressed CD33 and secure for other cells. After GO returned to the market in 2017, more and more doctors try to use it in the clinic. Based on the clinical data, GO shows higher safety and effectiveness in young patients than the aged. And patients who express CD33 at a high level could get more benefits from GO. Other factors like specific genotypes or disease courses also need to be a consideration. This paper focuses on the mechanism, development history, clinical application, and the disadvantage and limitations of GO, and the performance of GO is analyzed in the treatment of AML both independently and in combination with chemotherapy or other drugs, like decitabine, cytarabine, daunorubicin, etc.

KEYWORDS

Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin, Acute Myeloid Leukemia, CD33, Mechanism, Clinical application