Author(s)

Wenzhu Liu

Corresponding Author

Wenzhu Liu

ABSTRACT

It is well-established that cancer cells reprogram the pathways of nutrient acquisition and metabolic preferences to supply the accelerated bioenergetic, biosynthetic, and redox demand due to elevated growth and proliferation rate. The consequent production of metabolites, secretion of chemokines and cytokines, the reduction of pH, and depletion of oxygen availability due to cancer metabolic reprogramming all play a role in affect immune cell activities and contribute to the formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Elucidation of metabolic profiles for both cancer cells and immune cells is a critical topic in understanding the overall metabolic network as well as recognize potential therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. This review provides a general picture of metabolic reprogramming of various immune cells from both innate and adaptive immune systems within TME, the essential pathways and regulators in contributing to the metabolic changes, as well as address the therapeutic potential of the targeting the key determinants for the development and improvement of anti-tumor therapies.

KEYWORDS

Cancer Metabolism, Immune Cell Metabolism, Tumor Microenvironment, T Cells, B Cells, Macrophages