Author(s)

Ziyan Zhang

Corresponding Author

Ziyan Zhang

ABSTRACT

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disorder characterized by uncontrollably high blood glucose levels. Diabetes rates continue to climb as populations in some countries. The factors leading to diabetes are varied. Meanwhile, diabetes will lead to severe symptoms and is Highly associated with other diseases. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of diabetes and its related factors in a representative sample of U.S. individuals aged 20 and above based on lifestyle, genetic factors, and metabolic factors.Method This cross-sectional study was conducted based on NHANES 2017-March 2020 pre-pandemic data. Criteria of diabetes were assessed by fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c. 12 independent variables were selected in the form of Demographics Data, Examination Data, Laboratory Data, and Questionnaire Data. Participants' baseline characteristics were summarized and then bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression was performed to detect related factors using R version 4.1.2. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Result 2854 participants were involved in this study with 503 of them had diabetes. Middle-aged and elderly people are the population at high risk of diabetes. Mexican American are more likely to suffer from diabetes compare with Non-Hispanic White (AOR = 1.69; 95%CI:1.78,2.44). Low Cholesterol - High - Density Lipoprotein (HDL <40 mg/dL) (AOR = 1.69; 95%CI: 1.27,2.23), Close relative had diabetes (AOR = 1.69; 95%CI: 1.33,2.16), Insulin resistance (AOR = 5.37; 95%CI: 3.94,7.42), and Physical inactivity (AOR = 2.70; 95%CI: 2.13,3.48) were associated with diabetes significantly.Conclusion The prevalence of diabetes increases rapidly with age and some races are easier to be affected. HDL level, Close relative had diabetes, physical inactivity, and Insulin resistance were significantly associated with diabetes. People should visit a hospital on a frequent basis for checkups and maintain a healthy lifestyle.

KEYWORDS

Diabetes Mellitus, Cross-sectional Study, National health and nutrition examination survey, Lifestyle, Metabolic Factors, Genetics factors, Adult aged over 20 years old