Author(s)

Karina Arimura

Corresponding Author

Karina Arimura

ABSTRACT

There has been ample evidence that suggests that there are associations between major depression, anxiety, and mood disorders etc. and GABAergic deficits. In this review, we clarify the mechanisms and functionality of the GABAergic shunt and its interactions with other neurotransmission systems – along with its interplay with serotonin transporters. Preclinical and clinical studies have indicated that GABA levels in the CSF and plasma are decreased in animal models (rats) of depression. Furthermore, this review will cover how particular receptors – GABAA – are crucial in modulating the GABAergic system and the importance of maintain a balance between monoaminergic and serotonergic systems. Lastly, this paper will also propose different treatments for low GABAergic levels – antidepressants, mood stabilizers, and electroconvulsive therapy – and the different possible directions for future preclinical and clinical research revolving the GABA shunt.

KEYWORDS

GABA, depression, mood disorders, antidepressants, mood stabilizers