Education, Science, Technology, Innovation and Life
Open Access
Sign In

Fraudulent and Deceitful: Research on Fraud in the Socio-economic Field in Song Dynasty

Download as PDF

DOI: 10.23977/history.2024.060110 | Downloads: 16 | Views: 323

Author(s)

Liangji Li 1

Affiliation(s)

1 College of Humanities, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong, Yunnan, 657000, China

Corresponding Author

Liangji Li

ABSTRACT

Phenomena of fraud widely appeared in historical records of the Song Dynasty, with relevant events in the social and economic fields occurring one after another. According to the specific details, some cases had stronger economic characteristics while others were more critical in political factors. These fraudulent phenomena involved various industries and fields, causing many negative impacts. Some fraudulent behaviors were extremely malicious and quite destructive, and many fraud-related acts largely possessed complex and diverse features. Commercial and economic crimes, as well as property-related offenses, were often intertwined with other social aspects such as administrative corruption, chaos in tax collection, and differential treatment, and were also frequently associated with other types of crimes such as violation of personal rights, disturbance of social order, corruption, and bribery, with rich manifestations and complex connotations.

KEYWORDS

Song Dynasty, Fraudulent Behavior, Economic Fraud, Power Background Fraud, Socio-economy

CITE THIS PAPER

Liangji Li, Fraudulent and Deceitful: Research on Fraud in the Socio-economic Field in Song Dynasty. Lecture Notes on History (2024) Vol. 6: 66-75. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.23977/history.2024.060110.

REFERENCES

[1] Yuan Cai. The Yuan Family Education. [M]// Photocopy of Wenyuange Siku Quanshu: Volume 698. Taipei: The Commercial Press, Taiwan, China, 1986: 620a-b.
[2] Anonymous. Pure and bright collection of verdicts by eminent masters [M]. Collated and proofread by the Song, Liao, Jin, and Yuan History Research Office of the Institute of History, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 1987: 528-529; 528-529; 530-532; 308; 409-410; 314; 182-183; 148; 511; 182-183; 316; 188; 517-518; 306; 326-327; 517; 45; 422; 53-55; 432-433; 466; 400-402; 45; 434; 458; 453-454; 456; 462; 525-526; 453-454.
[3] Xu Song et al. Song Government Manuscript Compendium [M]. Collated and proofread by Liu Lin et al. Shanghai: Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 2014: 6657; 8309.
[4] Zhen Dexiu. Exhortations on Politics and Economics [M]// Photocopy of Wenyuange Siku Quanshu: Volume 706. Taipei: The Commercial Press, Taiwan, China, 1986: 460a.
[5] Hong Mai. Record of Yijian [M]. Collated and proofread by He Zhuo. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 2006: 1491; 1609; 1230; 1536-1537.
[6] Compendium with Explanations of Tractate of Supreme One on Rewards and Punishments [M]. Annotated by Li Changling, Zheng Qingzhi et al. Beijing: Central Compilation and Translation Press, 2016: 186; 191.
[7] Bai Sui, Lao Ren, Yuan Huan. Maple Window Slips: Volume Down [M]// Arranged by Yu Gang and Wang Caiyan. Complete Song Dynasty Notes: Book 5 of the Fourth Collection. Zhengzhou: Daxiang Publishing House, 2008: 240.
[8] Wen Ge. Miscellaneous Record: Distinguishing Counterfeits [M]// Yi Fang Lei Ju: Juan Yi. Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House, 1981: 17. 
[9] Wang Qinchen. The Account of Wang's Talks [M]// Arranged by Xia Guangxing. Complete Song Dynasty Notes: Book 10 of the First Collection. Zhengzhou: Daxiang Publishing House, 2003: 167; 11.
[10] Zhou Mi. Past Events of the Martial Arts World [M]. Annotated by Li Xiaolong and Zhao Rui. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 2007: 166.
[11] Zeng Minxing. The Independently Awakened Miscellany [M]// Arranged by Zhu Jieren. Complete Song Dynasty Notes: Book 5 of the Fourth Collection. Zhengzhou: Daxiang Publishing House, 2008: 170; 151; 143.
[12] Zhou Mi. Miscellaneous Observations from the Year of Guixin [M]. Collated and proofread by Wu Qiming. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 1988: 66; 210.
[13] Yue Ke. The History of Ting [M]. Collated and proofread by Wu Qiming. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 1981: 156.
[14] Zhou Hui. Miscellaneous Records of Qingbo [M]// Arranged by Liu Yongxiang and Xu Dan. Complete Song Dynasty Notes: Book 9 of the Fifth Collection. Zhengzhou: Daxiang Publishing House, 2012: 60; 61.
[15] Zhang Zhifu. Bookable [M]// Arranged by Kong Fanli. Complete Song Dynasty Notes: Book 3 of the Fourth Collection. Zhengzhou: Daxiang Publishing House, 2008: 175.
[16] Mi Fu. On the History of Calligraphy [M]// Arranged by Wu Xiaoqin and Tang Qinfu. Complete Song Dynasty Notes: Book 4 of the Second Collection. Zhengzhou: Daxiang Publishing House, 2006: 250.
[17] Mo Junchen. Collected Anecdotes in Yuehe [M]// Arranged by Xia Guangxing. Complete Song Dynasty Notes: Book 10 of the First Collection. Zhengzhou: Daxiang Publishing House, 2003: 313.
[18] Kong Zhongping. Miscellany of Discussions [M]// Arranged by Chi Jie. Complete Song Dynasty Notes: Book 5 of the Second Collection. Zhengzhou: Daxiang Publishing House, 2006: 297.
[19] Su Zhe. A Concise History of Longchuan [M]// Arranged by Kong Fanli. Complete Song Dynasty Notes: Book 9 of the First Collection. Zhengzhou: Daxiang Publishing House, 2003: 276-277.
[20] Fan Zhiming. Chronicle of the Folkways and Terrain of Yueyang [M]// Arranged by Zha Qinghua and Pan Chaoqun. Complete Song Dynasty Notes: Book 7 of the Second Collection. Zhengzhou: Daxiang Publishing House, 2006: 88.
[21] Shen Zuozhe. Concise Disquisitions [M]// Arranged by Yu Gang and Xiao Guangwei. Complete Song Dynasty Notes: Book 5 of the Fourth Collection. Zhengzhou: Daxiang Publishing House, 2008: 92.
[22] Su Shi. Miscellaneous Accounts from the Study of Dongpo [M]// Arranged by Kong Fanli. Complete Song Dynasty Notes: Book 9 of the First Collection. Zhengzhou: Daxiang Publishing House, 2003: 69; 971; 970-971.
[23] Fan Zhen. Dongzhai Chronicles: Lost writings [M]// Arranged by Ru Peiyongcheng. Complete Song Dynasty Notes: Book 6 of the First Collection. Zhengzhou: Daxiang Publishing House, 2003: 235. 
[24] Zhao Yanwei. Casual Jottings from the Cloud-Covered Foothills [M]// Arranged by Zhu Xuqiang. Complete Song Dynasty Notes: Book 4 of the Sixth Collection. Zhengzhou: Daxiang Publishing House, 2013: 260.

All published work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright © 2016 - 2031 Clausius Scientific Press Inc. All Rights Reserved.